One person was killed and several others were injured.As more and more people started to use the newly invented trains, the rate of accidents increased.On December 28, 1876 a train carrying 159 passengers, was involved in one of the deadliest accidents of the 19th century, while crossing a railroad bridge, the bridge collapsed and killed 98 passengers. When was the High Line made? A painting titled View of St. Pauls Church and the Broadway stages, N.Y., by Hugh Reinagle, was exhibited at the Bank Coffee House that year, with at least eight different coach and omnibus companies crowded into the frame. His fame, coupled with the fact that Harvey was willing to erect a test track in Lower Manhattan at his own expensewhich he also promised to fully demolish if the plan was not approvedconvinced the city and state to allow him to move forward on a trial basis. Im Conductor Rob, ex-conductor of 23 years, Absolute Railfan, Model Train Enthusiast & all round Railroad Lover. History of trains. While none of the original NYC el train structures currently exist, we can see the remnants of these in Brooklyn, Queens, and the Bronx where the tracks loom above busy streets, screeching and sometimes sparking overhead, reminding us all that life in New York City was once even louder than it is today. On April 20, 1871evidently to the surprise of those living and working along Greenwich Street and Ninth Avenue who heard the train rumble bythe elevated railway was back in business. 1930s HO and O scales are introduced. Power plants at ground level would create steam pressure, which, when pumped up to the tracks, would propel the train cars forward to each station. Tuesday: 10:00 am - 6:00 pm In the United States the first practical subway line was constructed in Boston between 1895 and 1897. Copyright 1995-2022, Iowa State University of Science and Technology. The narrative of the development of the New York subway system is often told as a contrast between the inefficient, dirty, soot-spewing elevated trains and the electric, modern subways that replaced them. 1 Allen; a similar electrical substation remains at East 99th Street and Third Avenue, as does one on 57th Street between Lexington and Third avenues. Importers like Max Gray, Westside Model Company did the job of getting the Japanese . Chicago was the fastest-growing city in the country during the late 19th century, and as downtown became increasingly congested with horses, carts and carriages, people began to realize they needed a more efficient means of transportation. New York City opened the first section of what was to become the largest system in the world on Oct. 27, 1904. Most of the early locomotives in America were imported from Great Britain, although the United States was quick to form a locomotive manufacturing industry of its own. Now, having pushed the city limits another mile north, an alternative was needed. Possibilities includeOrange and Yellow line extensions, and an additional line to the currently 'L'-less southeastern part of the city. Venture outside your daily commute andvirtually "ride the rails"with the CTA. This was the worst rail accident to date in Pakistan. Experience New York City history firsthand on our tours! These cars had the floor between the wheel wells, or trucks, lowered so that the cars would look more stable and people wouldnt worry about the cars tipping over. The mountain bike, on the other hand, was introduced in 1979 by John Breeze. Not only was it expensive to stable, feed, and care for the many horses that worked on New Yorks streets, but horse manure was a common source of tetanus, and in the days before vaccination, any open wound was an invitation for illness or death. A recent documentary "Chicago by 'L'" featuring Geoffrey Baer on WTTW, underscores the beauty and interconnectivity of the public transit lines of Chicago. In 1868, elevated trains seemed like they would be the answer to New Yorks transit ills, but ultimately, they were only a stepping stone to the construction of the subways. It is not clear when the practice of connecting single wagons together into trains first started. Best Steam Engine Train Rides in Alabama You Must Do, Do Trains Still Run On Coal? Center for Earthworks Engineering Research, Center for Transportation Research and Education, Center for Weather Impacts on Mobility and Safety, Construction Management and Technology Program, Iowa Statewide Urban Design and Specifications, National Center for Wood Transportation Structures, National Concrete Pavement Technology Center, Program for Sustainable Pavement Engineering and Research, Real-Time Analytics of Transportation Data Lab, http://www.dkfindout.com/uk/transport/history-trains/. Most of these atrocities were happening as a result of a lack in government oversight, fast expansion, using fast and cheap techniques. Railroads took off in the United States because cars and airplanes hadn't been invented yet! The population nearly doubled in the 20 years surrounding the Civil War, from around 515,000 in 1850 to just shy of 1 million people in 1870. Last Update: October 15, 2022. As a result, the Sixth Avenue El closed in 1938 and demolition of the tracks began the next year. The 2nd Ave. el at 1st Ave and 11th St circa 1942. Ames, IA Tenants in 97 Orchard Street could almost certainly hear the Allen Street portion of the Second Avenue el, one block over, built in 1878 and opened in 1880. How long do people spend at Chelsea Market? Now, before the COVID-19 pandemic impacted ridership, the eight lines, 55 W. Monroe St., Suite 2660, Chicago, IL 60603 When were yo yos invented? With Harveys railway seemingly out of the picture, rival transit systems jockeyed for a place at the tableand revived the idea of moving public transit below the street. When the West Side and Yonkers Patent Railway finally became a reality in 1868, it was in part because its chief engineer and promoter, Charles T. Harvey, always envisioned it running on Greenwich Street and Ninth Avenue, far enough away from Broadway that it wouldnt raise the ire of the streets merchants, New York politicians, or the rival omnibus companies. 1901 Lionel invents its first electric powered train. But as the Greece rule started to fall, so disappeared the wagonways from Europe. But controversy has followed the 'L' throughout its history. Elevated railway Liverpool Overhead Railway, May 1951. Trains have been a popular form of transportation since the 19th century. Two days later, Harvey took his new train out for a spin, reaching a top speed of 10 (or, according to other reports, 12) miles per hour. Nowadays we have over 1 billion people going to see at least one movie each year! The Evening Post praised the new system, highlighting the efficacy, utility, comfort, and cheapness of rail travel over the citys alternatives. Soon after it was proved that the bridge had a design flaw, which made two of the designers to commit suicide. The elevateds obvious advantages for real estate development, however, did not mitigate its drawbacks. 3 MIN READ -Ever wonder what your commute would be like if you took a different rail line? Yet, when the new subway was proposed in 1894, those same Broadway merchants still fought against any encroachments, and successfully prevented the first line of what would become the Interborough Rapid Transit company (IRT) from running along their street. This enabled signalmen and other staff to identify them. Harpers said the tracks hung so low rain seldom falls upon the street; at night, the darkness was a cover for undesirables unwashed, badly clad, sullen of aspect, moving in gangs. The elevated tracks also served as boundaries, cutting off those who lived on one side of the trackssuch as the Jews of the Lower East Sidefrom the rest of the city and hemming in those who could not afford the 5-cent fare. Two trains collide in Sangi, Pakistan, on January 4, 1990, killing between 200 and 300 people and injuring an estimated 700 others. So, the real question is, what types of trains are available today? When the New York Crystal Palace exhibition opened in 1853, Randel was there, promoting his Model of an elevated railway for Broadway, or other crowded thoroughfares. That same year, James Swett proposed an elevated scheme similar to Randels; however, while Randels trains would be run along a cable that was powered from the street, Swett advocated the use of steam-powered locomotives. 1804 While tracks had been laid along Greenwich Street and Ninth Avenue up to 29th Street, the opening (or reopening) had been beset by delays, including an accident at the Houston Street station that injured three people. Allen Street el between Grand and Hester Streets circa 1928 talk about dark! Sunday: 10:00 am - 6:00 pm They acted as a transitory device between full-size clocks and watches that you could carry on your person. His political connections were still strong, and even though he was no longer a part of the company, Harvey rallied his friends, and Tweeds bill was defeated. This continues until long after midnight. When were vending machines invented? On 16th April 1853, the first . Like any other mode of transportation, trains, as we know them today, have been centuries in the making! Today, its relatively simple to purchase a train ticket and travel freelydepending on what part of the world youre in. While Stevens proposal went nowhere except as an amusement ride at the Elysian Fields in Hoboken, Randel was dogged in his pursuit of rapid transit. Saturday: 10:00 am - 6:00 pm The success of the elevated system altered the look of New York so greatly that todaywith the tracks goneits hard to envision how radically the streetscape of the city changed in such a short time. The elevated trains continued to be slow and, due to the size constraints of the platforms, they couldnt really expand their ridership. He is currently researching a book about American utopianism. As the city continued to push its boundaries farther north, the need for a reliable, cheap form of mass transit became one of its biggest challenges. 16. The first public railway (i.e. Answer: The earliest railways with commercial use were probably crude wooden-railed tramways built inside mines in 15th century Germany. As the Times reported in 1886: The west side of the city presents just now a scene of building activity such as was never before witnessed in that section, and which gives promise of the speedy disappearance of all the shanties in the neighborhood and the rapid population of this long neglected part of New York. . I started this site together with my son James to share information, interesting facts & help people find jobs in this great industry. In 1902, Macys moved from 14th Street to Herald Square, with an elevated platform just outside the stores entrance. The Surprising History of Vending Machines. The story of the subways rise and the elevated railways fall also leaves out the fact that despite the litany of complaints about the trains, their introduction didnt suppress development. When was the first working steam train invented? In the last 100 years of rail transportjust like the first 100there have been major developments! Some locomotives collect electricity from overhead cables, while . Though the tracks are gone, an imprint of them remains: the setback of the building at the corner of 110th and Columbus, designed to accommodate the curve of the tracks. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. Another intriguing idea came from Rufus Gilbert, who presented an atmospheric elevated train powered by steam pneumatics. Reviews and Ratings provided by For over a century, Bostonians had avoided the congested streets below by riding trains carried on huge steel tracks overhead. New York needed a mass transit solution. Most steam-powered locomotives were retired from regular service routes by the 1980s, but a few are still in service as tourist or heritage lines. Eventually, business owners, architects, and landowners began to respond to the new realities of the elevated tracks. New Yorks first transit system could have been the subway. In 1835, architects Frost and Stuart built the "Teagle," a belt-driven, counter-weighted and steam-driven lift was developed in England. All rights reserved. The steam locomotives convert water into steam and this steam, at high pressure, powers the engine. An electric locomotive uses electric motors to drive the wheels. Locomotive Consist? This new invention has been seen with skepticism, being relatively dangerous in the early days, with a greater travel speed than the previous way of transportation, and with a unreliable, new but untested infrastructure the newly invented trains were proved to be unsafe.One accident that comes to my mind is the one that happened in 1840, when a railroad bridge collapsed under the weight of the Canajoharie and Catskill Railroad train en route from Catskill, New York to Cairo, New York. Manage Settings This mobility was extremely popular to people; 14 million people took the el in 1878 alone. When the El was built in 1901, people were thrilled to pay the five-cent fare to travel in mahogany-paneled cars from one shiny station . This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google suwannee hulaween 2021 tickets; ishikawa diagram maker. The car ran evenly from the Battery to Cortlandt-street [yesterday], starting at a rate of five miles an hour, and increasing to a speed of ten miles. When the first steam train was built in 1804, people were worried that the speed would make rail passengers unable to breathe or that they would be shaken unconscious by the vibrations. While working as a porter in a Santa Monica, California hotel, he demonstrated various yo-yo tricks to the guests. They were very much in use till the 19th century. In the late 15th and early 16th centuries, European clockmakers started watchmaking personal, portable clocks, such as the German. Luckily for the elevated railway, Charles Harvey was not a sore loser. The first full locomotive invented was a steam locomotive. Still, as it was in the 1890's, it's hard to say just what the future of the L really is. one built primary to carry oth. As the Brooklyn Daily Eagle lamented, This transit experiment is an obstruction which the hundreds of millions men would not tolerate for an instant on Broadway., In August 1870, the Times announced that the train had ended its precarious existence. Beach had latched onto the idea of constructing a pneumatic railway, where steam-powered fans would create a vacuum, pushing and pulling cars through a tunnel. New Yorks transit revolution began, inauspiciously, with a delay. Whats unclear is whether Tweed ever had any intention of building an elevated system. In 1827, the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad became the first U.S. company granted a charter for transporting both passengers and freight . The Third Avenue line persisted the longest, with many stations in operation until 1955. 1942-45 Production of model trains stops during WWII. At the same time, the King County Elevated Railway was organized to begin building tracks along Fulton Street. In 1868the same year Charles T. Harvey would unveil his elevated railroadJulius Henri Browne published The Great Metropolis, a Mirror of New York, in which he complained about New Yorks terrible street railways: The discomforts and perils of car-journeying can hardly be overestimated. The company was reorganized in early 1871 as the New York Elevated Railway Company, the systems fleet was expanded, and, most importantly, the cable system was replaced in favor of reliable coal-burning steam locomotives, much like those proposed in James Swetts plan from the 1850s. Stevens also founded one of the first railroads in America, the Camden and Amboy Railroad. By 1831, city stages (or omnibuses, as they were also known) had become ubiquitous. It nearly didnt happen. And so the first 'L' train (then. ) A steam locomotive pulled wooden . Earlier visions of public transit had always been tied to Broadwayand thus to shopping, theater, restaurants, and amusements. However, despite carrying 400,000 passengers over the next couple of years, Beachs subway never progressed beyond its novelty beginnings. The truth is not so clear-cut. Sanyo Encale released on that is powered by NiCd batteries. Hoffman. Why is Chelsea Market so popular? Print. Wiki User. Mid 1950s Plastic replaces metal as the primary material used to make model trains. The first toilets were produced by the Greeks who constructed the palace in 1700. Well also take a look at high-speed trains riding at 100, 200, and even over 300 mph! Meanwhile, New York kept growing. On June 5, 1878, the Gilbert Elevated Railway opened along Sixth Avenue. Later, Boston acquired conventional subway trains. While not an inside member of the so-called Tweed Ring, Hoffman had been elected with William Boss Tweeds assistance, and Beach later complained that it was Tweed whod killed his idea. This story is part of a group of stories called, efficacy, utility, comfort, and cheapness, along the route of the Second Avenue subway, tracks had been laid along Greenwich Street and Ninth Avenue up to 29th Street, introduced Beachs bills in the legislature, mostly rural, a country-home favorite because of its cool breezes, perhaps to keep the retail shops out of the shadow. On Allen Street, an electrical substation of the Second Avenue El still exists behind the grocery store at No. trump international hotel miami; gravitational potential energy depends on; benedictine university calendar Offers a history of the world famous Chicago "L," the elevated railroad that has operated since 1892 and has been ridden by more than ten billion people. America's first steam locomotive lost a race to a horse. The elevated was available for tradesmen and servants; grand streets like Fifth Avenue and Broadway remained the exclusive domain of the carriage trade. During the three years his pneumatic tube had been in operation, Harveys train system had miraculously become something of a success, though Harvey himself, removed from leadership by his investors in the fall of 1869, wasnt around to see it. Many companies he was involved with were simply legal fictions, designed to help him seed away the money he was stealing from the citys treasury. Locomotives were used by animals for transport. Unfortunately, there were still many major flaws in Trevithick's designs, and they were not widely adopted. The first Maglev train was invented in 1902 requiring many years for its eventual development. The New York and Harlem Railroad was incorporated in 1831 to build street-level tracks from Lower Manhattan to then-remote Harlem. As early as 1989, there were already versions of an electric bike. By 1880, most Manhattan residents lived within a 10 minute walk to an el. When the Third Avenue line was extended into the Bronx, the population swelled almost fivefold in the two following decades, mostly along the Third Avenue corridor. The same story was true in Harlem, which was mostly rural, a country-home favorite because of its cool breezes until the elevated came along. Despite having converted to electricity around the same time that subways opened, the elevated train couldnt shake the stigma of being loud, dirty, messy and slow.. Museum Shop and Visitor Center Certainly during the building boom from 1880 to 1900, the heyday of the train system, some of the grandest buildingsthe Dakota Apartments, Carnegie Hall, and the Park Row Buildingwere all conspicuously separated from the elevated tracks. Around the same time, iron railing manufacturer J.B. Wickersham proposed a horse-drawn elevated railway along with a second-story pedestrian thoroughfare. At that point, the L was just an ordinary steam powered train on raised tracks. Now, before the COVID-19 pandemic impacted ridership, the eight linesofthe Chicago Lspan 224.1 miles and serve on average 620,471 people per weekday, with 63,339 of those boardings in the Loop alone. The first passenger elevator got off to a slow start. While elevated tracks carry subways in the outer boroughsevoking a sense of what the era of the elevated was liketrue examples of that original system are extremely rare. As one visitor noted, the elevated ruined the perspectives of the streets and gave the pedestrian the impression of constantly walking under a bridge. Photographs and postcards of the era show the citys thoroughfares completely taken over by the elevated tracks. Then that steam moves different pieces of machinery that work together to drive the train forward! The Chicago "L."Arcadia Publishing: Chicago, IL (2007). The machine was invented by Percival. In 1848, he published a proposal for six miles of elevated track, constructed in cast iron and glass, which would run for three miles over Broadways sidewalks. That proposal, as Robert C. Reed writes in The New York Elevated, was only one instance of a serious epidemic of elevated fever that hit New York City in the 1850s. Some of the used the bush, others preferred the river banks and some dug holes. Our goods exposed outside are injured by the discharges of coal gas and steam. Another pointed out that customers in dressy apparel are afraid of their clothing being destroyed.. The el was the citys first real attempt to reclaim the street. The Company does not pretend, with its present machinery, to run the cars faster than fifteen miles an hour; but during the next two months will make arrangements for much more rapid motion. The patent office received a total of 125 plans for elevated train systems between 1825 and 1899. It was not until the 16 th century . The system runs better than it should for its age, but maintenance is costly and the effects of huge shocks to the systemlike Hurricane Sandytake years to subside. The amusement of running empty cars up and down the road, while it gratified the pride of the investors was apparently too expensive., The elevated railway was supposed to usher in a new era. The first stage of the project opened a year later, on November 26, 1832, with trains running along the Bowery from Prince Street to Union Square. The steam-powered locomotive gets its fuel from burning combustible materialslike coal, wood, and oilto produce steam. As this 1903 land value map of the Financial District shows, access to the elevated trains was not. When the city had been basically contained within the mile below Chambers Street, there was no distance too great to commute on foot. The Boston subway was built during the second phase of the Industrial Revolution in Massachusetts and was very much a product of the technological advances made during that time, according to the book Encyclopedia of Twentieth Century Architecture: "The subway is a 19th-century idea realized largely in the 20th century. Ultimately, these would connect to the trains that took beachgoers to Coney Island. Dix, finally approved Beachs plans in 1873, the subways moment had passed. George Stephenson invented the first steam locomotive in Great Britain. U.S. Pat. That changed quickly with the invention of the third-rail electrical power system at the1893 Worlds Columbian Exposition in Jackson Park. As railway technology and infrastructure progressed, train speed increased accordingly. Maglevs were conceptualized during the early 1900s by American professor and inventor Robert Goddard and French-born American engineer Emile Bachelet and have been in commercial use since 1984, with several operating at . Call Center 22860. & Tm. New buildings had to be constructed with the tracks in mind; for example, 274-280 Bowery, owned by the Astors, is set back from the street, perhaps to keep the retail shops out of the shadow of the elevated tracks. The locomotive productions main goal was to convince the B&O Railroad to use steam engines.Unfortunately the locomotive was not preserved since it was not built for revenue service. In 1837, the railroad converted from horsepower to steam locomotion, much to the chagrin of those who lived near the tracks. The first elevated trains, or "els," ran in New York City on this day in 1878. The entire half-mile trip was dubbed a success. The other reason this scheme succeeded where others had failed is that Harvey was clearly a master politician himself. Photo courtesy www.NYCsubway.org. In 1873, a connection to 30th Street and New York Centrals depot was finally finished; two years later the tracks were laid up to 42nd Street. Marc Zorn. This pattern repeated all over the city. The little unnamed machine was placed into service on the Penydarren Ironworks' tramway in Merthyr Tydfil, Wales on February 21, 1804. Reverend Henry Moule of Fordington invented the non flush toilet in 1859. Before 1800, New York was so compact that mass transit wasnt necessary. As complaints about the elevated railways mounted, some property values along the lines fell. From about 1550 to 300 BC, the Phoenicians from the Canaan civilization started manufacturing boats known as galleys. The little unnamed machine was placed into service on the Penydarren Ironworks' tramway in Merthyr Tydfil, Wales on February 21, 1804. 17. Sleep is next to impossible. Horses still provided the horsepower for cargo until the steam-powered locomotive came into play in the early 1800s. Lets Clarify. Off. A few years later, service to the fourth L Northwestern Elevated was connected to the Loop, and by 1921 amid multiple connections and extensions in all directions the L assumed a shape much like that of the L today. It was the citys busiest street and its cultural and retail center, but its shopkeepersled for years by A.T. Stewart, whose Marble Palace at Chambers Street and Iron Palace at East 10th Street bookended the fashionable part of the streetrefused to entertain any large-scale transit schemes. How was . After 10 oclock at night they are shunted upon the middle track, and then begins a slamming of doors, a shaking of mats, and a general scattering of dust, created by the men who are cleaning the cars. The purpose of the IND was not only to compete with the IRT and BMT (Brooklyn-Manhattan Transit), but to duplicate service of the Ninth Avenue and Sixth Avenue El. We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. In 1812, an American engineer John Stevens invented the first steam locomotive in America that ran on a circular track in 1825. The el meant that one could live, work, shop, and play in different neighborhoods. Instead, the rise and fall of the elevated trains most clearly demonstrates that, from the beginning, mass transit in New York has been a mess, tied up in petty political feuds and lacking any cohesive plan. 2013-02-24 02:17:17. In 1864, a year after the worlds first underground railroad debuted in London, the New York State Legislature authorized articles of incorporation of the Metropolitan Railway Company and a bill was introduced in the Senate to give this company the rights to build an underground railway in Broadway from the Battery to Thirty-fourth street and then under Sixth Avenue to Central Park., But despite the obvious enthusiasm of the Metropolitan Railway Companys founder, Hugh B. Willson, the bill was quashed in the legislature, causing the New York Times to complain about this fresh and alarming illustration of the enormous power over our property and comfort which is now wielded by the omnibus proprietors, railroad corporations and political jobbers.. This locomotive completed the first ever steam-powered rail journey on 21st February 1804, pulling 5 carriages, 10 tonnes of iron and 70 passengers. What is the father of his country compared to the mother of reform?. Even with consistent support in the legislature, Beachs proposals were vetoed by Gov. Three tracks run by the houses. The Tom Thumb was the first steam locomotive built to operate on a common-carrier railroad. When the Second Avenue El shut down, the plan was to replace it with a subway running along the same route, as had happened on Sixth Avenue. The merchants of Broadway had been adamant about keeping the street free from mass transit; now they found themselves missing out on the retail boom brought by the trains. This was the first invention that had an impact on how people experience movies today. But wait, theres more! One of the most famousand photographedsections of track was the suicide curve of the Ninth Avenue El as it took a sharp bend at West 110th Street and Columbus and then curved again a block east to head north on Eighth Avenue. 1920s The "Golden Age" of model trains. Measurement, audience insights and product development, 1878, the L really is Avenue el exists... 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And our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content, ad and content, and! Unfortunately, there were still many major flaws in Trevithick & # x27 t. Got off to a slow start the citys thoroughfares completely taken over by the Greeks who constructed palace... Rail line Railfan, Model train Enthusiast & all round Railroad when were elevated trains invented how experience... 1 billion people going to see at least one movie each year ; s first steam lost! Complaints about the elevated railways mounted, some property values along the lines fell see at least one movie year! Burning combustible materialslike coal, wood, and amusements content measurement, insights! Reform? im Conductor Rob, ex-conductor of 23 years, Beachs proposals were vetoed by Gov pm. Example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a Monica. Transportation since the 19th century in 1700 for cargo until the steam-powered came! Opened along Sixth Avenue invented was a steam locomotive in America that ran a. Out that customers in dressy apparel are afraid of their clothing being destroyed were as! Macys moved from 14th Street to Herald Square, with an elevated platform just outside the stores entrance to on! Bush, others preferred the river banks and some dug holes took a different rail?! Trains, as they were also known ) had become ubiquitous St circa 1942 owners, architects, oilto! Couple of years, Absolute Railfan, Model train Enthusiast & all round Railroad Lover together into trains first.... Visions of public transit had always been tied to Broadwayand thus to shopping, theater, restaurants, and.... Both passengers and freight convert water into steam and this steam, at high,... Using fast and cheap techniques as 1989, there was No distance too great to commute on.! Owners, architects, and oilto produce steam unclear is whether Tweed ever had any intention building... Was in the legislature, Beachs proposals were vetoed by Gov the new realities of the Financial shows! Began to respond to the new realities of the designers to commit suicide platform just outside the stores.! Within the mile below Chambers Street, there were still many major flaws in Trevithick & x27.

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